"""GEMEO-CDF v13 — audit-driven Chinchilla-correct architecture.

Per the SOTA audit (May 2026):
  - Path B (CLMBR fine-tune) BLOCKED: CLMBR-T-base is HF-gated (manual approval)
  - Path A adopted: small from-scratch model + KG adapters + MEDS interop

Architecture:
  - 12M backbone params (Chinchilla-respecting for ~20M token corpus)
  - d_model=384, n_layers=8, n_heads=6, ffn=1024, ctx=512
  - SwiGLU MLP (ffn:d_model = 2.67)
  - Tied embeddings (saves ~12M at vocab=32k)
  - Dropout 0.1 everywhere (small-data critical)
  - Block-causal attention (Diffusion Forcing)
  - Per-token sigma noise (independent)
  - GATED KG cross-attention (tanh(α)·xattn, α init=0)
    - Layers 4, 6, 7 (3 of 8)
    - Lets model learn to use KG progressively, doesn't disrupt early loss
  - DF objective + LM-aux loss (joint training, paper-grade)

Sources audited:
  - CoMET (Aug 2025): tokens-per-param ratio
  - CLMBR (Stanford): adapter pattern for cross-site transfer
  - MDLM (Sahoo 2024): masked diffusion, matches AR at equal FLOPs
  - Genie (DeepMind 2024): gated cross-attention pattern
  - SD3 (Esser 2024): AdaLN-Zero zero-init gates
"""
from __future__ import annotations
import math
from dataclasses import dataclass, field

import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import torch.nn.functional as F


@dataclass
class CDFv13Config:
    # Vocab + sequence
    vocab_size: int = 32768       # MEDS-derived (will be much smaller in practice)
    mask_token: int = 32767
    max_seq_len: int = 512
    block_size: int = 16
    # Architecture (Chinchilla-correct for ~20M tokens)
    d_model: int = 384
    n_heads: int = 6
    n_layers: int = 8
    ffn: int = 1024                # SwiGLU effective; flag below uses 2 projections
    dropout: float = 0.1
    emb_dropout: float = 0.1
    use_swiglu: bool = True
    use_rmsnorm: bool = True
    tie_embeddings: bool = True
    # Diffusion forcing
    cond_dropout: float = 0.10
    # KG conditioning (GATED adapters)
    use_kg: bool = True
    kg_dim: int = 3072
    kg_attn_layers: list = field(default_factory=lambda: [4, 6, 7])
    # Latent action
    use_latent_action: bool = False  # Dropped per audit (concept shaky)
    n_latent_actions: int = 512
    # Conditioning
    n_conditions: int = 64


class RMSNorm(nn.Module):
    """Root-mean-square LayerNorm (LLaMA/Mistral style)."""
    def __init__(self, d: int, eps: float = 1e-6):
        super().__init__()
        self.weight = nn.Parameter(torch.ones(d))
        self.eps = eps

    def forward(self, x: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
        norm = x.float() * torch.rsqrt(x.float().pow(2).mean(-1, keepdim=True) + self.eps)
        return (norm * self.weight.float()).to(x.dtype)


class SwiGLU(nn.Module):
    """SwiGLU MLP (used in LLaMA/Gemma/Mistral)."""
    def __init__(self, d_in: int, d_hidden: int, dropout: float = 0.1):
        super().__init__()
        self.w_gate = nn.Linear(d_in, d_hidden, bias=False)
        self.w_up = nn.Linear(d_in, d_hidden, bias=False)
        self.w_down = nn.Linear(d_hidden, d_in, bias=False)
        self.dropout = nn.Dropout(dropout)

    def forward(self, x: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
        return self.dropout(self.w_down(F.silu(self.w_gate(x)) * self.w_up(x)))


class RotaryEmbedding(nn.Module):
    """RoPE (Su et al. 2021)."""
    def __init__(self, dim: int, max_seq: int = 8192, base: float = 10000.0):
        super().__init__()
        inv_freq = 1.0 / (base ** (torch.arange(0, dim, 2).float() / dim))
        t = torch.arange(max_seq).float()
        freqs = torch.einsum("i,j->ij", t, inv_freq)
        emb = torch.cat([freqs, freqs], dim=-1)
        self.register_buffer("cos", emb.cos(), persistent=False)
        self.register_buffer("sin", emb.sin(), persistent=False)

    def forward(self, q, k, seq_len):
        cos = self.cos[:seq_len].to(q.dtype).to(q.device)
        sin = self.sin[:seq_len].to(q.dtype).to(q.device)
        def rot_half(x):
            x1, x2 = x.chunk(2, dim=-1)
            return torch.cat([-x2, x1], dim=-1)
        return (q * cos) + (rot_half(q) * sin), (k * cos) + (rot_half(k) * sin)


class PerTokenSigmaEmbed(nn.Module):
    """Sinusoidal embedding of per-position diffusion noise sigma in [0,1]."""
    def __init__(self, d: int):
        super().__init__()
        self.d = d
        self.proj = nn.Sequential(
            nn.Linear(d, d), nn.SiLU(), nn.Linear(d, d),
        )

    def forward(self, sigma: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
        half = self.d // 2
        freqs = torch.exp(
            -math.log(10000.0) * torch.arange(half, device=sigma.device) / half
        )
        ang = sigma.float().unsqueeze(-1) * freqs
        emb = torch.cat([torch.sin(ang), torch.cos(ang)], dim=-1)
        return self.proj(emb)


class GatedKGCrossAttention(nn.Module):
    """Cross-attention to KG ego-subgraph, with GATED output.

    `tanh(alpha) * cross_attn(x_seq, x_kg)` where alpha is a learnable scalar
    initialized to 0. This means at init the cross-attention contributes
    NOTHING to the residual stream, so the model trains identically to
    no-KG until it discovers KG is useful. Prevents catastrophic loss
    spikes on small data.

    Pattern from: Genie (DeepMind 2024), Flamingo (DeepMind 2022).
    """
    def __init__(self, d_model: int, kg_dim: int, n_heads: int = 8, dropout: float = 0.1):
        super().__init__()
        self.n_heads = n_heads
        self.head_dim = d_model // n_heads
        # Project KG to d_model (run inline so we don't need separate KGProjector module)
        self.kg_in_proj = nn.Linear(kg_dim, d_model, bias=False)
        self.q_proj = nn.Linear(d_model, d_model, bias=False)
        self.kv_proj = nn.Linear(d_model, 2 * d_model, bias=False)
        self.out_proj = nn.Linear(d_model, d_model, bias=False)
        self.norm_q = RMSNorm(d_model)
        self.norm_kv = RMSNorm(d_model)
        self.dropout = nn.Dropout(dropout)
        # Gate (scalar per block, init=0)
        self.alpha = nn.Parameter(torch.zeros(1))

    def forward(self, x_seq: torch.Tensor, kg_raw: torch.Tensor) -> torch.Tensor:
        """
        x_seq: (B, T, d_model)
        kg_raw: (B, N_kg, kg_dim)   -- raw KG embeddings (e.g. 3072)
        """
        B, T, D = x_seq.shape
        kg_proj = self.kg_in_proj(kg_raw)  # (B, N_kg, D)
        N_kg = kg_proj.size(1)
        q = self.q_proj(self.norm_q(x_seq))
        kv = self.kv_proj(self.norm_kv(kg_proj))
        k, v = kv.chunk(2, dim=-1)
        q = q.reshape(B, T, self.n_heads, self.head_dim).transpose(1, 2)
        k = k.reshape(B, N_kg, self.n_heads, self.head_dim).transpose(1, 2)
        v = v.reshape(B, N_kg, self.n_heads, self.head_dim).transpose(1, 2)
        out = F.scaled_dot_product_attention(
            q, k, v, dropout_p=self.dropout.p if self.training else 0.0)
        out = out.transpose(1, 2).reshape(B, T, D)
        gate = torch.tanh(self.alpha)
        return x_seq + gate * self.dropout(self.out_proj(out))


class CDFv13Block(nn.Module):
    """Pre-norm transformer block + optional gated KG cross-attn."""
    def __init__(self, cfg: CDFv13Config, rope: RotaryEmbedding,
                 layer_idx: int):
        super().__init__()
        self.cfg = cfg
        self.rope = rope
        self.layer_idx = layer_idx
        norm_cls = RMSNorm if cfg.use_rmsnorm else nn.LayerNorm
        self.norm1 = norm_cls(cfg.d_model)
        self.norm2 = norm_cls(cfg.d_model)
        self.qkv = nn.Linear(cfg.d_model, 3 * cfg.d_model, bias=False)
        self.proj = nn.Linear(cfg.d_model, cfg.d_model, bias=False)
        if cfg.use_swiglu:
            self.mlp = SwiGLU(cfg.d_model, cfg.ffn, cfg.dropout)
        else:
            self.mlp = nn.Sequential(
                nn.Linear(cfg.d_model, cfg.ffn, bias=False),
                nn.GELU(),
                nn.Linear(cfg.ffn, cfg.d_model, bias=False),
                nn.Dropout(cfg.dropout),
            )
        self.dropout = nn.Dropout(cfg.dropout)
        self.head_dim = cfg.d_model // cfg.n_heads
        # Gated KG cross-attention (only in specified layers)
        self.use_kg_in_layer = cfg.use_kg and layer_idx in cfg.kg_attn_layers
        if self.use_kg_in_layer:
            self.kg_xattn = GatedKGCrossAttention(
                cfg.d_model, cfg.kg_dim, cfg.n_heads, cfg.dropout)

    def forward(self, x, attn_mask, kg_raw=None):
        B, T, D = x.shape
        # MSA
        h = self.norm1(x)
        qkv = self.qkv(h).reshape(B, T, 3, self.cfg.n_heads, self.head_dim)
        q, k, v = qkv.permute(2, 0, 3, 1, 4).unbind(0)
        q, k = self.rope(q, k, T)
        out = F.scaled_dot_product_attention(
            q, k, v,
            attn_mask=(~attn_mask).float().masked_fill(attn_mask, float("-inf"))[None, None],
            dropout_p=self.cfg.dropout if self.training else 0.0,
        )
        out = out.transpose(1, 2).reshape(B, T, D)
        x = x + self.dropout(self.proj(out))
        # Gated KG cross-attn (if enabled at this layer)
        if self.use_kg_in_layer and kg_raw is not None:
            x = self.kg_xattn(x, kg_raw)
        # MLP
        x = x + self.mlp(self.norm2(x))
        return x


class CDFv13Transformer(nn.Module):
    """Audit-compliant CDF v13: 12M backbone + KG adapters + DF objective."""

    def __init__(self, cfg: CDFv13Config | None = None):
        super().__init__()
        self.cfg = cfg or CDFv13Config()
        c = self.cfg
        norm_cls = RMSNorm if c.use_rmsnorm else nn.LayerNorm

        self.tok_emb = nn.Embedding(c.vocab_size, c.d_model)
        self.emb_dropout = nn.Dropout(c.emb_dropout)

        # Per-token sigma embedding (additive)
        self.sigma_emb = PerTokenSigmaEmbed(c.d_model)
        # Global condition embedding (additive, broadcast)
        self.cond_emb = nn.Embedding(c.n_conditions, c.d_model)

        # RoPE
        self.rope = RotaryEmbedding(c.d_model // c.n_heads, max_seq=c.max_seq_len * 2)

        # Blocks
        self.blocks = nn.ModuleList([
            CDFv13Block(c, self.rope, layer_idx=i) for i in range(c.n_layers)
        ])
        self.final_norm = norm_cls(c.d_model)
        self.head = nn.Linear(c.d_model, c.vocab_size, bias=False)
        if c.tie_embeddings:
            self.head.weight = self.tok_emb.weight

        # Block-causal mask buffer
        T = c.max_seq_len
        block_id = torch.arange(T) // c.block_size
        mask = block_id.unsqueeze(0) < block_id.unsqueeze(1)
        self.register_buffer("block_mask", mask, persistent=False)

        # Init
        self.apply(self._init_weights)

    def _init_weights(self, m):
        if isinstance(m, nn.Linear):
            nn.init.normal_(m.weight, mean=0.0, std=0.02)
            if m.bias is not None: nn.init.zeros_(m.bias)
        elif isinstance(m, nn.Embedding):
            nn.init.normal_(m.weight, mean=0.0, std=0.02)

    def forward(self, x, sigma, cond, kg_raw=None):
        B, T = x.shape
        h = self.tok_emb(x) + self.sigma_emb(sigma) + self.cond_emb(cond).unsqueeze(1)
        h = self.emb_dropout(h)
        mask = self.block_mask[:T, :T]
        for blk in self.blocks:
            h = blk(h, mask, kg_raw=kg_raw)
        h = self.final_norm(h)
        return self.head(h)

    def diffusion_forcing_loss(self, x_clean, cond, kg_raw=None,
                                mode: str = "uniform") -> torch.Tensor:
        """Standard absorbing-state DF loss with per-token sigma.

        mode: 'uniform' (default — safer for discrete than logit-normal per audit)
              'logit_normal' (SD3-style — keep as ablation only)
        """
        B, T = x_clean.shape
        device = x_clean.device
        # CFG cond dropout
        drop = torch.rand(B, device=device) < self.cfg.cond_dropout
        cond = torch.where(drop, torch.zeros_like(cond), cond)
        if kg_raw is not None:
            drop_kg = (torch.rand(B, device=device) < self.cfg.cond_dropout).float()
            kg_raw = kg_raw * (1 - drop_kg).reshape(B, 1, 1)
        # Sample per-token sigma
        if mode == "logit_normal":
            sigma = torch.sigmoid(torch.randn(B, T, device=device)).clamp(0.01, 0.99)
        else:
            sigma = torch.rand(B, T, device=device).clamp(0.01, 0.99)
        # Absorbing-state corruption
        corrupt = torch.rand(B, T, device=device) < sigma
        x_noisy = torch.where(corrupt, self.cfg.mask_token, x_clean)
        logits = self.forward(x_noisy, sigma, cond, kg_raw=kg_raw)
        ce = F.cross_entropy(
            logits.reshape(-1, self.cfg.vocab_size),
            x_clean.reshape(-1),
            reduction="none",
        ).reshape(B, T)
        n = corrupt.float().sum().clamp(min=1.0)
        return (ce * corrupt.float()).sum() / n