chunk_idx int64 0 154 | text stringlengths 27 6.39k | embedding listlengths 1.02k 1.02k | openalex_id stringlengths 8 11 |
|---|---|---|---|
0 | RESULTS
Germplasm accessions had variability on each characters. Table 2 shows the minimum, maximum, mean, and coefficient of variation of each characters. There were several characters that had high coefficient of variation, such as empty grain and adulterant, chalky green grain, damaged yellow grain, red grain, brok... | [
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... | W3003650968 |
1 | ness deviation
Information: |loading| ≥ 0.4 was bolden. Chosen parameter was boldened and underlined. Minus
(-) sign indicates negative correlation.
International Journal of Advance Tropical Food
PC1 shows important positive correlation
(loading>0.4) on grain density (DG), width (W), whiteness (WD), milling degree (MD)... | [
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2 |
LWR
WD
T
MD
AC
GT
GC
SD
Loading value
Characters
WCG
EG
GD
CGG
DYG
RG
WCR
BRY
MRY
HRP
BRP
SBRP
CRP
DYRP
L
W
LWR
WD
T
MD
AC
GT
GC
SD
Loading value
Characters
WCG
EG
GD
CGG
DYG
RG
WCR
BRY
MRY
HRP
BRP
SBRP
CRP
DYRP
L
W
LWR
WD
T
MD
AC
GT
GC
SD
Loading value
Characters
International Journal of Advance Tropical Food
PC5 pos... | [
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3 | 548, 10591, 10474, dan 10550. For developing low amylose content or sticky rice, accession 10489, 10474, 10535, 10592, 10496, 10515, 10476,
10572, dan 10560 are considered. For long and slender grain, accession 10510, 10470, 10474,
10513, 10592, 10515, 10496, 10491, 10471, dan 10499 can be used as parents in the breedi... | [
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0 | RESULTS
Conceptualizing Stress and Work Overload
Stress is a natural part of life and has an impact on people's social, psychological, and physical well- being. The way people handle stress has a significant influence on how it affects their general well-being. There has been a lot of research on stress management in ... | [
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1 | In addition to the responsibilities listed above, lecturers handle a wide range of other tasks, some of which are difficult and occasionally conflict with their main responsibilities as academic staff members and teachers. Lecturers may experience work overload due to a variety of reasons, including grading and assessm... | [
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2 | ure
Arts
Basic Medical
Sciences
Clinical Sciences
Dentistry
Education
Environmental
Design and
Management
Law
Pharmacy
Science
Social Sciences
Technology
Total
Source: DAP Office, OAU
The above table illustrates the extremely deplorable state of affairs in the university, with only five (5) of the thirteen faculties ha... | [
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3 | satisfaction, and overall effectiveness.
Strategies such as workload distribution, realistic expectations, supportive work environments, adequate resources, and time management training can help alleviate the burden and create a healthier and more productive work environment for lecturers.
Empirical Studies
Previous r... | [
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4 | the nurses,
491 hospital nurses were randomly chosen to participate in the study. One hundred questionnaire copies were examined. Regression analysis and
Pearson coefficient correlation were used to analyze the data. The study's conclusion demonstrates that there is a negative relationship between performance and job ... | [
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5 | ugbe, and Onwuka (2012) as a requirement for enhancing the performance of female lecturers in Nigerian universities. The research utilized a descriptive survey that involved administering questionnaires. A total of 135 participants were chosen from seven Nigerian universities. Z-test and statistical summation technique... | [
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6 | for adjustments based on feedback from lecturers.
Furthermore, encouraging collaboration and networking opportunities with other lecturers and researchers can support lecturers in sharing workloads, ideas, and resources. Collaborative projects and partnerships can help distribute workloads and enhance productivity. Th... | [
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0 | RESULTS
Precipitation pattern, SST Anomalies, and peat fire occurrence
Like other tropical regions, Central Kalimantan experiences two seasons namely a dry and a wet season.
Previous studies (Putra et al. 2008, Aldrian and Susanto
2003, Usup et al. 2004, MacKinnon et al. 1997) have defined dry and wet seasons in Centr... | [
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1 | .0 mm)
Mean dry precipitation (4.7 mm)
Fig. 2. The annual precipitation cycle in Palangkaraya. Smoothed-thick curve represents the daily precipitation observational mean.
Fig. 3. The 5 day moving average occurrences rates (%) of rainless days (≤1.5 mm) and rainy days (>10 mm) in Palangkaraya,
1978 – 2007. Smoothed-th... | [
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2 | , in the dry season.
This study used the total number of rainless days
(TNR) and the maximum number of consecutive rainless days (MNR) in the dry season to assess fire risks in the
MRP area based on the precipitation variability.
Considerable variation in fire risks from year to year in
MRP has been shown to be closely... | [
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3 | 7.
SD
Average
Ave. SSTA
Max. SSTA
TNR
MNR
HS
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
Tot Prcp
Min GWL
N/A
Table 1. Average Nino 3.4 SST Anomalies (Ave SSTA, oC), Maximum Nino 3.4 SST Anomalies (Max SSTA, oC), total number of rainless days (TNR), maximum consecutive rainless days (MNR), number of hotspot (HS), total precipitation (Tot Prcp, m... | [
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4 | May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Peak fire period
Fire season
Dry Period
Fig. 9. Daily precipitation and hotspot occurrences in the MRP area. The smoothed-thick curve represents the daily precipitation observational mean.
Fig. 10. Average seasonal cycle of precipitation, GWL and peat fire occurrences in MRP area in El... | [
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5 | at drops below -40 cm (from the surface level) (Wösten et al. 2008), making the peat susceptible to fires. There is an exception in 2004 where large numbers of fires start when the GWL is at around -20 cm (Fig. 11), but in this year the GWL progressively decreased until it reached -71.4 at the middle of October (not sh... | [
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6 | The smoothed-solid thick curve represents the daily GWL observational mean and the smoothed-dashed curve represents the daily precipitation observational mean.
Day Number
Precipitation (mm)
Ground water level (cm)
GWL
Precipitation
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Soil surface
Critical Level
97 109 121 ... | [
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0 | RESULTS
Temporal variations in anthropogenic CH4 emissions
The anthropogenic CH4 emissions from China differ widely among inventories, and emissions estimates are in the ranges of 28.5–46.3 and 44.4–57.6 Tg CH4 yr−1 for 1990 and 2010, respectively, but are still broadly within the minimum– maximum range of the GMB for... | [
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1 | .globalcarbonproject.org/methanebudget/20/data.htm (last access: 11 March 2021).
Saunois et al.
(2020) https://doi.org/10.5194/ essd-12-1561-2020
NCCC
Emissions from the NCCC are based on source-specific activ- ity data from official statistics information and local optimized emission factors under the IPCC guidelines an... | [
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2 | coal mining, the emis- sion factor used in EDGAR is 10.0 m3 t−1, while the NCCC is a lower 8.89 m3 t−1, and for rice cultivation, EDGAR is
0.1–1.4 g m−2 d−1, while the NCCC is 0.005–0.21 g m−2 d−1
(Table S3). Emissions derived from PKU were 12.2 % lower than those from the NCCC, which resulted from the lower emission ... | [
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3 | In 2010, China’s CH4 emis- sions were dominated by emissions from the energy sec- tor (41 %–67 % of total emissions), followed by emissions from agricultural activities (21 %–42 %) and waste treat- ment (10 %–18 %) (Fig. S2). To interpret the discrepancy in emissions among different inventories, frequency distri- buti... | [
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4 | missions hotspots in REAS were strongly biased towards Shanxi Province. The incomplete information on emission patterns may mislead or bias mitigation efforts for CH4 emission reductions.
There were substantial discrepancies in the magnitude and distribution of sector-specific emissions among the inven- tories. For exam... | [
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5 | and Pearl River Delta. Zhang and Chen (2014) also found that emissions from waste treatment were related to the size of the economies of the regions and their urban-population scales to a certain extent. The emissions from waste treat- ment estimated by EDGAR v5.0 and CEDS were 20.7 %–
152.5 % higher than the values f... | [
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6 | 019) estimated emis- sions from coal mining based on more than 10 000 operating coal mines reported by the Chinese State Administration of
Coal Mine Safety (SACMS).
For the rice cultivation subsector, the amount from PKU was 7.3 Tg CH4 yr−1, which is comparable to the value of
8.2 Tg CH4 yr−1 reported for 2010 by Zhang... | [
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7 | −2 yr−1 (Fig. 5e). These results were caused by the high estimated number of livestock induced by us- ing machine learning methods in the spatial-proxy approach
(Gilbert et al., 2018).
For the coal mining subsector, the amounts from PKU and EDGAR v5.0 were 17.3 and 19.0 Tg CH4 yr−1 in
2010, respectively, which were com... | [
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8 | ; Zhang et al., 2014). Furthermore, the uncer- tainty in emission factors related to rice practices is high in China (Peng et al., 2016). In addition, energy activ- ities play an important role in national emissions, with a mean value equal to 24.0 Tg CH4 yr−1 and an SD of
2.4 Tg CH4 yr−1. Coal mining is the largest em... | [
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9 | important and can provide helpful support for policy-making related to mitigating CH4 emissions. We collected and analyzed the currently available datasets to present the amount and spatiotemporal patterns of and the uncertainty in China’s anthropogenic CH4 emissions.
Our works shed light on the sources of differences... | [
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0 | RESULTS
The changes in the fresh weight and dry weight of intertidal seaweed species in Tongyeong-Goeje area dur- ing the study period are shown in Fig. 3. The total bio- mass was highest at St. 3 and lowest at St. 1. Generally, there were decreasing trends in biomass during the study period. An unusually high value w... | [
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1 | , light, and water motion (Schramm 1999; Smith et al. 1999). Therefore, the control of eutrophication should be accomplished by restricting the loading of key nutrients to the ecosystem.
Deliberate nutrient loading reductions indeed have led to dramatic improvements in several areas in Japan (e.g.,
Smith et al. 1999).
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2 | M NH4
+. Other studies on the rate of NH4
+ uptake showed different val- ues. Subandar et al. (1993) reported the rates of NH4
+ uptake ranged between 0.1 and 0.4 µmol · g dw–1· min–1 in Laminaria saccharina using salmon farm effluent of 6.225.4 µmol NH4
+· l–1 in continuous flow culture.
An estimated 17% nitrogen remo... | [
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0 | RESULTS
Assessment Program, 1992–1995
By
Charles S. Wong,
Paul D. Capel,
2 and
Lisa H. Nowell
Sacramento, California
University of Minnesota (present affiliation: University of Toronto)
U.S. Geological Survey
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
BRUCE BABBITT, Secretary
U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
Charles G. Groat, Director
The ... | [
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1 | publication will provide you the needed insights and information to meet your needs, and thereby foster increased awareness and involvement in the protection and restoration of our Nation’s waters.
The NAWQA Program recognizes that a national assessment by a single program cannot address all water- resource issues of ... | [
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0 | RESULTS
The sequence and duration of the phenological stages of the seasonal development of each plant are presented in the color graphic form – the phenospectrum (Fig. 2).
When conducting observations in the arboretum for the growing season from 2014 to 2019 (April – October), we analyzed individual phenological vari... | [
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1 | 2018–2019. The temperature in April of 2017 and 2018 was slightly less – 4.4 and 3.3
°C, respectively, and there was less precipitation. Our
Ekaterina A. Banshchikova
DYNAMICS OF SEASONAL CHANGES IN INTRODUCED ...
Statistical indicator
Years of observation
Σ
X
11.0/46.6 min–max
±σ
V, %
Note. Σ – total value; X – arith... | [
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2 | The subsequent phase of “fruit formation” follows flowering and occurs in spring or in summer. In individuals of Armeniaca sibirica, it was registered in the period from the end of May (2014–2015, 2017, 2019), as well as from the first decade of June (2016, 2018). In individuals of Corylus heterophylla, it was register... | [
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3 | early leaf fall and the end of the growing season.
## DISCUSSION
The dynamics of seasonal changes in introduced plants under conditions of Eastern Transbaikalia indicates that the East Asian forest-steppe and ManchurianDaurian preboreal species exhibit phenological plasticity in response to sudden changes in air tem... | [
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0 | RESULTS
Findings from this article indicate that prenatal and early postnatal periods have a critical role in the individual outcome, as Barker affirms: “Much of human develop- ment is completed during the first 1000 days after con- ception” [51]. There is overall consistency in literature about negative effects of fe... | [
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0 | RESULTS
The result obtained during the present course of inves- tigation was carried out to visualize a significant influ- ence of IAA and IBA on the cuttings of P. pinnata.
Maximum sprouting was recorded in semi hard wood cuttings of 25 cm length treated with 1000 ppm IAA
(100 %) and minimum was recorded in soft woo... | [
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1 | of 15 cm length treated with
S. Rout and S. Nayak / J. Appl. & Nat. Sci. 7 (2): 844 – 850 (2015)
IAA 200 ppm and 400 ppm respectively resulted in maximum rooting percentage .This may be due to the synergetic effect of the total amount of indigenous auxin present in the cuttings and the exogenous auxin
(IAA) applied ... | [
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2 | soft wood cut- ting + IAA
25 cm semi hard wood
Cutting + IAA
25 cm hard wood cut- ting + IAA
25 cm soft wood cut- ting + IBA
25 cm semi hard wood
Cutting + IBA
25 cm hard wood cut- ting + IBA
Mean
Cutting type – CD at 5% - 6.55 (4.32); Concentration – CD at 5% - 4.65 (3.10); Interaction CD at 5% - 16.13 (13.26... | [
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3 | pinnata ( Negi and Ti- wari ,1984.).The result of fresh biomass (Table 5) ob- served was maximum (43.94 g) in semi hard wood cuttings of 25 cm length treated with IBA, However maximum fresh biomass (63.66 g ) was recorded from semi hard wood cuttings of 25 cm length treated with
200 ppm IBA .The possible reason for th... | [
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4 | division there by promoting root length (Abidin and
Baker,1984) and consequently resulting in better growth of the cutting this might be the result in in- creasing the dry biomass. The dry biomass was more in treated hard wood cuttings raised plants than the treated semi hard wood cuttings raised plants (which shows m... | [
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0 | DISCUSSION
The industrial sector is one of the most difficult energy efficiency indicators to research.
The use of an analytical approach in assessing changes in specific electricity consumption leads to significant discrepancies between actual and calculated values and, ultimately, distorts the real state of the ener... | [
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0 | RESULTS
Perceived benefits
The first question aims to identify what motivates people to participate in physical activity across the EU.
The most important perceived reasons or benefits for taking part in physical activity are summarized in
Table 1. The top three reasons for participation in physical exercise were ‘to mai... | [
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1 | - aged subjects and those with a secondary and tertiary- level education. This higher choice of ‘to release tension’ among these groups may be a reflection of their work routine or lifestyle. The percentage of subjects in each member state selecting ‘to release tension’ classified by gender is shown in Table 3. In almost... | [
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2 | On observation of the EU average,
‘work/study commitments’ was the most frequently perceived barrier cited for not increasing partici- pation in physical activity at 28%, followed by ‘not the sporty type’ at 25% (Table 5). The remaining perceived barriers to increase one’s physical activity were not regarded as being ... | [
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3 | ## DISCUSSION
This study was intended to find new approaches to counteract the sedentary lifestyle of the European population. The results give much new information, especially for special risk groups. They demonstrate that most
European individuals are quite well- informed about lifestyle factors influencing health in a... | [
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4 | review Sabha and Achterberg33 discussed the problems of recognition, interpretation and motivation arising in the complex of nutrition, activity and health-related behaviour. They demon- strated that outcome expectations, health belief and health value associated with health-related behaviour are not sufficient to rele... | [
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0 | RESULTS
3.1. Physicochemical Properties of the Adsorbent
SEM images in Fig. 1 depicted the structural differences of HTS and BTS before and after adsorption. The raw BTS displayed un- evenly distributed pores, rough and irregular structure while raw
HTS dominantly exhibited a rough coalesced carbon layer with stacked ... | [
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1 | and after (c-BTS, d-HTS) adsorption. a b
Fig. 2. The N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms of BTS (a) and HTS (b) (insert: pore size distribution). range from 30 to 250°C, ascribed to the surface-bound water and moisture release (dehydration). The steep and gradual weight loss
(49%) for HTS occurred from 250°C to 545°C a... | [
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2 | capacity of BTS and HTS increased from 1.5 to 27 mg/g and 1.7 to 24 mg/g, respectively, as the initial fluoride concentration was in- creased from 2 to 40 mg/L. At lower initial concentration, the adsorp- tion system goes independent of initial concentration and gradually gets exhausted sharply with the increase in in... | [
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3 | Langmuir and
Freundlich constant, respectively. A plot of lnQe versus lnCe is a straight line defined by a slope nf and intercept lnKf.
The result in Fig. 5 shows the Langmuir isotherm fitted with the experimental data for both adsorbents ascribing the adsorption process takes place on their surface with limited inter... | [
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4 | cost is free since the oven heat can be replaced by sunlight, the remaining cost mainly for activation chemicals (i.e., phosphoric acid) and electric power was calculated. The total cost spent to produce 1 kg of BTS and 1 kg HTS on lab scale is $3.80 and $5.5, respectively. However, this cost would be lower when it wi... | [
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0 | RESULTS
2.1. Thermodynamic Calculations
CO2 methanation reaction is exothermic in nature, where 4 moles of H2 reacts with one mole of
CO2 to form one mole of CH4 and 2 moles of H2O as shown in the main reaction (Equation (1)).
Additionally, this main reaction is also followed by an exothermic reversed water gas shift ... | [
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1 | conversion as expected by the above simulations (see also the discussion in Section 3).
Table 1. shows the expected temperature of the adiabatic reactor system, which was calculated by
Aspen Hysys. The actual reactor temperature recorded by a thermocouple placed in the middle of the reactor showed that the reactor tem... | [
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2 | before the reactor’s daily startup, hydrogen treatment might have reactivated some of the nickel sites [38]. A complete mechanistic study of sulfur poisoning was not a part of this pilot plant test campaign. The diffraction peak at 26.2◦in both diffraction patterns are from the graphite base (JCPDS = 75-2078) used to su... | [
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3 | the carbon deposition was negligible on the catalyst.
Furthermore, these observations were in good agreement with the decrease in the surface area and no major loss in catalytic activity.
Figure 7. Thermo-gravimetric analysis of fresh (a) and used (b) catalysts.
## DISCUSSION
Direct methanation of CO2 from an operat... | [
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0 | RESULTS
In Indonesia, there are two social security programs provided by the government, namely
BPJS Kesehatan (Healthcare) and BPJS Ketenagakerjaan (Employment). BPJS administers 5 programs: Employment Injury Insurance Program (EII), Death Benefit Program (DB), OldAge Benefit Program (OAB), Pension Benefit Program (P... | [
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1 | the marketing mix. The marketing mix is a marketing tool used by companies to reach their target markets, including price, promotion, distribution, and product. Thus, the marketing mix can be considered as marketing elements managed by the company to achieve its goals in the target market, consisting of the "4P" conce... | [
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2 | these efforts, five engines are utilized: agency system, figures, supply chain, auto-debit, and compliance & positive supervision. These engines play a crucial role in realizing the formulated strategies, involving various aspects such as management, distribution networks, partnerships, and strict monitoring and super... | [
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3 | these issues include several recommendations:
1. Ecosystem Focusing
There is a need for monitoring and execution systems for each ecosystem controlled by specific and focused responsible parties. BPJS Employment needs to have a monitoring system focused on each operational region. Responsible parties in each region ne... | [
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0 | RESULTS
During the study period (2002 to 2007) 1845 and 1687 days had both pollution measures and fire hotspots in Sydney and Perth, respectively. In Sydney, the hotspots occurred in a wide arc of forest surrounding the city from north, west, and south (Figure 1a).
Major, damaging fires occurred in the 2002/3 and 2006... | [
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1 | model explained 56% of variance in
PM2.5 (r2 = 0.562) and there were no supported alternatives. When the analysis was repeated without PM25lag, the final model was similar, but explained 45% of variation. Using log(PM2.5) as the dependent variable or including all days also resulted in similar models and explanatory p... | [
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2 | ) in 10u sectors around the compass. The scale is in FRP units. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0047327.g004
Predicting Smoke Pollution from MODIS Hotspots
PLOS ONE | www.plosone.org
October 2012 | Volume 7 | Issue 10 | e4 unplanned fire). The closeness of the forests and the more extensive unplanned fire explain why the mode... | [
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3 | could be directly incorporated into a predictive model and may be more successful than the use of an atmospheric stability index such as C-Haines. Ultimately, a hybrid model using daily snapshots of FRP and a three-dimensional atmospheric transport model may be the most fruitful approach.
There are other limitations t... | [
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0 | RESULTS
In this section, a quick overview on the main results achieved during the experimental campaign is given. After the results from the characterization of the spent FCCC (Section 3.1), the extraction yields for La, Ce, Al, and Si are reported in Section 3.2, whereas in Section 3.3, the zeolite obtained from the ... | [
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1 | , but Al2SO4 and small amount of Al(OH)3 cannot be excluded. The XRD spectrum of the RE salt was indeed not crystalline and characterized by large and not well-defined peaks. This RE concentrate shall be leached again and La be separated from Ce by solvent extraction.
Hence, the precipitated salt can be sold to companie... | [
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2 | (1–10 years)
647 k€/year k = h
Taxable income (11–15 years)
999 k€/year
L
Tax percentage
% m = f (j,l)
Taxes
259 k€/year n = f (k,l)
Taxes
399 k€/year o = h −m
Net Profit (1–10 years)
740 k€/year p = h −n
Net Profit (11–15 years)
599 k€/year q = h/d
Gross margin ratio
% r = o/a
Return on investment
S
Lifetime of investm... | [
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3 | share of investment costs is lower than the operative ones.
Finally, also IRR defines the profitability of this project. A possible concern for users of the IRR method is when the discount rate of a project is unknown, but in this case, it is significantly greater than the cost opportunity of capital. The analysis of cas... | [
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4 | 144 €/ton are the alternative values.
•
A macro-variable of all cash flows is represented by the cost opportunity of capital. This variable measures the return coming from an alternative project, which has the same risk level. It is hypothesized to equal 5%. In this case, four scenarios are assessed with values varying ... | [
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5 | minimum value is equal to 34.1%, which is significantly greater than the cost opportunity of capital used in this analysis.
GMR proposes a comparison between revenues and operating costs. Such an index is positive, even in the worst scenario (equal to 0.4%). In fact, the value of annual revenues is greater than the ope... | [
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6 | the synthesis of zeolite. The analysis demonstrated that zeolite Na-A is the most concentrated phase, and minor amounts of Na-X and sodalite are also present. Nevertheless, changing the synthesis conditions (amount of Na2CO3, roasting, and hydrothermal stage temperature and time) it could be possible to maximize the N... | [
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0 | DISCUSSION
The aerosol optical thicknesses within the research site shows dependence on the wavelength and satellite angular shift. The validation of the mathematical connection between AOT and weather parameters has been established. The type of relationship between AOT and weather parameters can be direct or inverse... | [
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0 | RESULTS
The main evaluating parameters for comparing the experiment and calculated data
(base case) are described in the Table 1. The difference between the calculated and measured results can be explained by the peculiar properties and assumptions of the emission calculating models. The main evaluating parameters are... | [
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1 | strategy for the second pilot SOI 19.2 CAD BTDC.
Figure 6. The injection strategy for the second pilot SOI 10 CAD BTDC.
The reference value for each parameter (base case value) is marked by a dashed red line. Each of three lines on the graph in Figure 7 correspond to the SOI of the second pilot
(the values are shown i... | [
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2 | fuel–air mixture ready to burn, the premixed charge, and the quantity of the air–fuel mixture burned before TDC (AHR before TDC). The second depends on the parameters displayed in Tables 2 and 3.
The ROHR for the second constant pilot SOI 19.2 CAD BTDC is depicted in Figure 8.
Figure 8. ROHR for the 1st pilot SOI opti... | [
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3 | the influence of the multiple injection strategies on the emissions. They have used two pilot injections with SOI variable from
38 CAD BTDC to 28 CAD BTDC with increments of 5 degrees. They also varied the pilot mass injection. The researchers marked a decrease in the NOx and a slight decrease in the soot emissions wit... | [
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4 | main SOI in the range from 15 CAD BTDC to 15 CAD ATDC with increment 5 CAD, as shown in Figure 14.
The negative SOI value on this figure means the injection ATDC. The optimal SOI range to increase the indicated work is from 11 CAD BTDC to 5 CAD BTDC compared with the base case level. Advancing the SOI out of the descri... | [
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5 | the base case level. The advancing pilot SOI decreases the indicated work. To maintain the indicated work not lower than base case level, the pilot SOI should be in the range from 20 CAD BTDC to 10 CAD BTDC. The maximum value of the pressure rise rate does not exceed the critical value of 1.5 MPa/CAD, so there is no l... | [
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6 | mass is 12.25 mg. The 1.5% increase in the indicated work, the base case level of PM emissions, the 20% decrease in the pressure rise rate and the 4% decrease in the NOx emissions can be achieved compared with the base case level.
3.2.3. Main SOI Optimization
The next step of the optimization is to vary the main SOI w... | [
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7 | %
NOx, %
PM, %
Base case
3 stage optimal
As it can be seen, the CD became longer, but the combustion became more efficient
(AHR increased and CO mole fraction decreased) but the heat losses to cylinder head and liner wall increased, because the value of the indicated work was equal to 99% compared with the base case le... | [
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0 | RESULTS
3.1. Baseline Characteristics of the Study Population
Baseline characteristics of the study participants stratified by sitting time are shown in Table 1. Of the 4276 individuals, 43.1% (1842/4276) had a sitting time of <8 h/day and
56.9% (2434/4276) had a sitting time of ≥8 h/day. Approximately 44.2% (1889/4276... | [
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1 | % confidence interval). * p value < 0.001; † p value < 0.005. Model 1 was adjusted for age and sex; Model 2 was adjusted for age, sex, BMI, marital status, educational level, occupation, household income level, physical activity, current smoking status, alcohol intake, chronic disease, and depression. EQ-5D, EuroQol-5 d... | [
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2 | Adjusted for age, sex, BMI, marital status, educational level, occupation, household income level, current smoking status, alcohol intake, chronic disease, and depression; Low ST: sitting time <8 h/day;
High ST: sitting time ≥8 h/day; EQ-5D, EuroQol-5 dimension; ST, sitting time.
## DISCUSSION
This study examined th... | [
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3 | Korean elderly seems to be that more than 90% of them spend their leisure time watching TV or listening to the radio, and they often play sedentary Korean games such as hwatu, janggi, and baduk [18]. It is known that leisure activities in older people are associated with higher life satisfaction. In order to improve t... | [
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0 | RESULTS
2.1 Effect on ambient air quality
Figure 1 illustrates the concentration of pollutants at different monitoring sites. The monitoring results revealed that the highest concentrations of pollutants were recorded at site S1, located at a distance of 0.8km from the plant. In comparison, the lowest concentrations ... | [
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1 | is more than 200 times greater than its relationship to
O2, a high concentration of CO causes an increase in the level of carboxyhaemoglobin. Many studies reported no health effect at low CO concentration (200, 1000, 1200ppm) at a short time of exposure (Wilbur et al., 2012). Since CO concentrations are <0.9ppm in all... | [
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2 | level, H2S can be formed. Wastewater treatment plants, oil refining, tanning industry, viscose rayon mill, and kraft pulping industry are possible sources of H2S. While the respiratory system is the main route of
H2S exposure by humans, it concentrates in the liver with a small amount in the lungs and kidneys. A conce... | [
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3 | the respiratory system while PM2.5 has a high-risk factor due to its impact on the cardiopulmonary system, and can cause an increase in the mortality cases (6-13% per 10µg/m3) in case of long-term exposure time. In this study, the concentrations of PM10 in all sites ranged from 81-131µg/m3, and all measurements were b... | [
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4 | , 0.13, and 0.15 for the four sites, respectively. This result indicated that dust emissions represent the major contributor of the HI, and this may be attributed to the dusty weather in KSA.
Fig. 3 HQ for all sites.
2.7 Target Organs risk factor
In order to determine each pollutant's effect on different organs, it wa... | [
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5 | activities (vehicle emissions) is pronounced, where a high concentration of pollutants has been measured in S2 site, despite the long-distance between S2 and the plant.
## DISCUSSION
This study investigated the concentration of pollutants in a cement plant's surrounding area in Saudi Arabia and potential health risk... | [
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0 | RESULTS
General transect observations
There is variability in benthic cover within and between tran- sects (Fig. 2), but clear trends are not obvious. For instance, transect 3, located on the lower southern flank of the north- ernmost mound, and transect 6, located at the western flank of the highest mound (Fig. 1), hav... | [
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1 | rocks (“Rocks”)
Explanatory
Hydrodynamic
Bottom current speed (“Speed”)
0.34 m s−1 variables variables
Upward velocities in February (“Wup Feb”)
Upward velocities in August (“Wup Aug”)
Downward velocities in February (“Wdown Feb”)
Downward velocities in August (“Wdown Aug”)
Energy conversion to the internal tide (“EC”... | [
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2 | 21; Soetaert et al., 2016).
Cold-water corals and most of the fauna associated with the deep-reef habitats rely on organic matter originating from close to the surface ocean (de Froe et al., 2022; van Oeve- len et al., 2018; Carlier et al., 2009). Our results underline that, at the Logachev cold-water coral mound provi... | [
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... | W4392057621 |
3 | onation on cold-water coral mounds
(Sect. 4.2).
The variation that remained unexplained in our study might be related to hydrodynamics at a finer resolution or other food supply mechanisms that were not described fully by our set of hydrodynamic variables, such as enhanced surface productivity (Eisele et al., 2011; Wien... | [
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4 | c). Modelling the hydrodynamics around one mound of different heights, van der Kaaden et al. (2021) also showed that vertical velocities increased as mound height increased, suggesting a positive feedback mechanism. However, when including all mounds at the Logachev cold-water coral mound province, the mag- nitude of t... | [
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5 | - water coral mounds can become buried following changes to the sedimentary regime (Lo Iacono et al., 2014), and for the Logachev cold-water coral mound province, it has been hypothesized that the mounds stopped growing when reach- ing the permanent pycnocline (White and Dorschel, 2010) or the WTOW upper boundary (Schu... | [
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6 | Fig. 2), with mostly sediment cover at the mound foot, coral rubble at the lower flank, dead-coral frameworks on the higher flank, and living corals at the sum- mit (e.g. Cathalot et al., 2015; Davies et al., 2009; Genin et al., 1986; De Clippele et al., 2021; Maier et al., 2021;
Vertino et al., 2014; Freiwald and Robert... | [
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7 | actual height above the seafloor or depth in the water column. Here, we hypothesize that this Massenerhebung effect, whereby the distribution of organisms is determined by feedbacks between the mountain and the environment, applies to cold-water coral mounds too.
Since depth is also an important variable explaining ben... | [
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