Datasets:

kltng
/

lcshbench

Error code:   FeaturesError
Exception:    ArrowInvalid
Message:      JSON parse error: Invalid value. in row 0
Traceback:    Traceback (most recent call last):
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/json/json.py", line 280, in _generate_tables
                  df = pandas_read_json(f)
                       ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/json/json.py", line 34, in pandas_read_json
                  return pd.read_json(path_or_buf, **kwargs)
                         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pandas/io/json/_json.py", line 791, in read_json
                  json_reader = JsonReader(
                                ^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pandas/io/json/_json.py", line 905, in __init__
                  self.data = self._preprocess_data(data)
                              ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/pandas/io/json/_json.py", line 917, in _preprocess_data
                  data = data.read()
                         ^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/utils/file_utils.py", line 844, in read_with_retries
                  out = read(*args, **kwargs)
                        ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "<frozen codecs>", line 322, in decode
              UnicodeDecodeError: 'utf-8' codec can't decode byte 0x80 in position 7: invalid start byte
              
              During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
              
              Traceback (most recent call last):
                File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/split/first_rows.py", line 247, in compute_first_rows_from_streaming_response
                  iterable_dataset = iterable_dataset._resolve_features()
                                     ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 4196, in _resolve_features
                  features = _infer_features_from_batch(self.with_format(None)._head())
                                                        ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 2533, in _head
                  return next(iter(self.iter(batch_size=n)))
                         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 2711, in iter
                  for key, pa_table in ex_iterable.iter_arrow():
                                       ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 2249, in _iter_arrow
                  yield from self.ex_iterable._iter_arrow()
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 494, in _iter_arrow
                  for key, pa_table in iterator:
                                       ^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 384, in _iter_arrow
                  for key, pa_table in self.generate_tables_fn(**gen_kwags):
                                       ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/json/json.py", line 283, in _generate_tables
                  raise e
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/json/json.py", line 246, in _generate_tables
                  pa_table = paj.read_json(
                             ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "pyarrow/_json.pyx", line 342, in pyarrow._json.read_json
                File "pyarrow/error.pxi", line 155, in pyarrow.lib.pyarrow_internal_check_status
                File "pyarrow/error.pxi", line 92, in pyarrow.lib.check_status
              pyarrow.lib.ArrowInvalid: JSON parse error: Invalid value. in row 0

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LCSHBench v1.0

A multilingual, consensus-grounded benchmark for Library of Congress Subject Heading (LCSH) assignment. Ground truth is the agreement of independent research libraries (Columbia, Harvard, Princeton) cataloging the same work.

Configs

config	rows	description
`dev`	18,993	development split (full per-catalog + merged + unanimous GT)
`dev_2k`	2,002	language-balanced 2K evaluation subset
`test`	3,353	held-out test inputs; answers in `gt_test.hashed.json` (SHA-256)
`consensus_matched`	1,286,609	every work cataloged by >=2 libraries: per-library headings (hashed IDs) — the provenance/concordance population
`vocab`	515,281	LCSH+LCGFT retrieval vocabulary

Inter-cataloger concordance (why consensus)

Over 465,187 works cataloged by all three libraries: 93.3% share a concept-level heading, only 0.2% share none (median concept Jaccard 0.86) — yet just 39.4% assign identical exact sets and 35.6% of assertions are single-source. Subject identification is objective; expression is subjective. Human ceiling (a library vs the consensus of the other two): 86.9% exact / 93.0% concept recall.

Not included

The fine-tuned embedder and te3 embedding indices are not released (model not published; te3 vectors are derived from a hosted API). Raw MARC is redistributable from the source libraries; rebuild instructions in the repo.

License & citation

Data: CC0-1.0 (derived from CC0 bulk MARC). Identifiers are hashed. Built by the v2.2 extraction pipeline. Citation: TBD.

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