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Datasets:
lukeslp
/
language-data

Tasks:
Feature Extraction
Modalities:
Geospatial
Size:
100K<n<1M
Tags:
linguistics
languages
typology
phonology
glottolog
wals
License:
Dataset card Files
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The dataset viewer is not available for this split.
Cannot extract the features (columns) for the split 'train' of the config 'default' of the dataset.
Error code:   FeaturesError
Exception:    ArrowInvalid
Message:      Schema at index 1 was different: 
title: string
id: string
licenses: list<item: struct<name: string>>
subtitle: string
description: string
isPrivate: bool
keywords: list<item: string>
vs
glottocode: string
name: string
isocodes: string
level: string
macroarea: string
latitude: double
longitude: double
Traceback:    Traceback (most recent call last):
                File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/job_runners/split/first_rows.py", line 243, in compute_first_rows_from_streaming_response
                  iterable_dataset = iterable_dataset._resolve_features()
                                     ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 3608, in _resolve_features
                  features = _infer_features_from_batch(self.with_format(None)._head())
                                                        ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 2368, in _head
                  return next(iter(self.iter(batch_size=n)))
                         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 2573, in iter
                  for key, example in iterator:
                                      ^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 2060, in __iter__
                  for key, pa_table in self._iter_arrow():
                                       ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 2082, in _iter_arrow
                  yield from self.ex_iterable._iter_arrow()
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 588, in _iter_arrow
                  yield new_key, pa.Table.from_batches(chunks_buffer)
                                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "pyarrow/table.pxi", line 5039, in pyarrow.lib.Table.from_batches
                File "pyarrow/error.pxi", line 155, in pyarrow.lib.pyarrow_internal_check_status
                File "pyarrow/error.pxi", line 92, in pyarrow.lib.check_status
              pyarrow.lib.ArrowInvalid: Schema at index 1 was different: 
              title: string
              id: string
              licenses: list<item: struct<name: string>>
              subtitle: string
              description: string
              isPrivate: bool
              keywords: list<item: string>
              vs
              glottocode: string
              name: string
              isocodes: string
              level: string
              macroarea: string
              latitude: double
              longitude: double

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Language Data

Curated linguistic datasets covering 23,740 languages. Pulls from Glottolog, WALS, PHOIBLE, and Joshua Project, plus original integration work combining them into a single queryable format.

Datasets

Core Files

File Records Size Source License
glottolog_coordinates.json 21,329 languoids 3.8 MB Glottolog CC-BY-4.0
glottolog_languoid.csv 23,740 languoids 1.8 MB Glottolog CC-BY-4.0
phoible.csv 105,484 phonemes 24 MB PHOIBLE CC-BY-SA-3.0
wals_languages.csv 3,573 languages 460 KB WALS CC-BY-4.0
wals_values.csv 76,475 feature values 4.5 MB WALS CC-BY-4.0
wals_parameters.csv 192 typological features 8 KB WALS CC-BY-4.0
world_languages_integrated.json 7,130 languages 8.1 MB Original integration MIT

Subdirectories

language-families/ -- Language family trees, Proto-Indo-European reconstructions, speaker counts. Restructured from Glottolog with enrichment from multiple sources. 10 JSON files covering family hierarchies up to 18 levels deep.

historical-corpora/ -- CLMET historical English corpus metadata.

lemmatization/ -- Historical lemma mappings (738 entries) for normalizing older English texts.

reference-corpora/ -- Brown Corpus part-of-speech statistics.

The Integrated Dataset

world_languages_integrated.json is the main original contribution. It merges four sources by ISO 639-3 code:

  • Glottolog -- coordinates, family classification, macroarea (7,040 languages)
  • Joshua Project -- speaker populations, demographics (7,130 languages)
  • Language history -- family tree positions, historical periods (198 languages)
  • US indigenous -- endangerment status, revitalization efforts (13 languages)
import json

with open("world_languages_integrated.json") as f:
    languages = json.load(f)

# Each record looks like:
# {
#   "iso_639_3": "eng",
#   "name": "English",
#   "glottolog": { "latitude": 53.0, "longitude": -1.0, "family_name": "Indo-European", ... },
#   "joshua_project": { "population": 379007140, "countries": [...], ... },
#   "speaker_count": { "count": 379007140, "source": "joshua_project_aggregated", ... },
#   "data_sources": ["joshua_project", "glottolog"]
# }

# Find endangered languages with coordinates
endangered = [
    lang for lang in languages
    if lang.get("glottolog", {}).get("latitude")
    and lang.get("speaker_count", {}).get("count", float("inf")) < 1000
]

This dataset is also available separately on HuggingFace as lukeslp/world-languages.

What's Not Here

ISO 639-3 code tables -- SIL International doesn't allow redistribution. Get them directly from iso639-3.sil.org.

License

Multiple licenses apply. See LICENSE.md for details.

  • Our work (integration, curation, language-families): MIT
  • Glottolog, WALS: CC-BY-4.0
  • PHOIBLE: CC-BY-SA-3.0 (share-alike)

Sources

Author

Luke Steuber
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