Sentence Similarity
sentence-transformers
Safetensors
bert
feature-extraction
Generated from Trainer
dataset_size:48
loss:MultipleNegativesRankingLoss
Eval Results (legacy)
text-embeddings-inference
Instructions to use vineet10/fm1 with libraries, inference providers, notebooks, and local apps. Follow these links to get started.
- Libraries
- sentence-transformers
How to use vineet10/fm1 with sentence-transformers:
from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer model = SentenceTransformer("vineet10/fm1") sentences = [ "Users are entitled to a refund for excess payments after necessary deductions, provided that payments were not processed to a wrong account due to user error.", "What is the timeline for the delivery of the documentary film as outlined in this contract?", "Under what circumstances can a user receive a refund for multiple payments made for a single order?", "What are the Payment Terms for the Batteries?" ] embeddings = model.encode(sentences) similarities = model.similarity(embeddings, embeddings) print(similarities.shape) # [4, 4] - Notebooks
- Google Colab
- Kaggle
metadata
base_model: BAAI/bge-base-en-v1.5
datasets: []
language: []
library_name: sentence-transformers
metrics:
- cosine_accuracy@1
- cosine_accuracy@3
- cosine_accuracy@5
- cosine_accuracy@10
- cosine_precision@1
- cosine_precision@3
- cosine_precision@5
- cosine_precision@10
- cosine_recall@1
- cosine_recall@3
- cosine_recall@5
- cosine_recall@10
- cosine_ndcg@10
- cosine_mrr@10
- cosine_map@100
pipeline_tag: sentence-similarity
tags:
- sentence-transformers
- sentence-similarity
- feature-extraction
- generated_from_trainer
- dataset_size:48
- loss:MultipleNegativesRankingLoss
widget:
- source_sentence: >-
Users are entitled to a refund for excess payments after necessary
deductions, provided that payments were not processed to a wrong account
due to user error.
sentences:
- >-
What is the timeline for the delivery of the documentary film as
outlined in this contract?
- >-
Under what circumstances can a user receive a refund for multiple
payments made for a single order?
- What are the Payment Terms for the Batteries?
- source_sentence: >-
Users can contact Customer Care before confirmation to request a refund
for offline services or reschedule for online services, subject to the
platform's discretion.
sentences:
- >-
How does Paratalks handle refund requests made before a service
professional confirms a booking?
- >-
How should proprietary and confidential information disclosed under the
Agreement be treated by the Parties?
- When does this Agreement terminate?
- source_sentence: >-
If there is any unreasonable delay in the refund process, the User can
report it to Customer Care at contact@paratalks.in or +91-9116768791.
sentences:
- >-
What should a User do if there is an unreasonable delay in the refund
process?
- What are the confidentiality provisions in this contract?
- >-
What are the specified payment terms for the photography services under
this contract?
- source_sentence: >-
The refund (if permitted by the Platform) shall be processed after
deductions, which may include transaction charges levied by the bank
and/or the payment gateway, as well as any other charges incurred by the
Platform for facilitating the payment or refund.
sentences:
- >-
What are the conditions under which a user is not entitled to a refund
according to Paratalks' refund policy?
- What is the jurisdiction and governing law applicable to this contract?
- How are refunds processed if permitted by the Platform?
- source_sentence: >-
This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the
laws of Indiana. Any dispute arising out of or in connection with this
Agreement shall be resolved through good faith negotiations between the
Parties and will be subject to the jurisdiction of the courts of Dania.
sentences:
- >-
Under what condition will the User not be entitled to a refund if the
payment is processed to a wrong Account?
- What events constitute Force Majeure under this Agreement?
- >-
Under which laws is the Battery Supply Agreement governed and how are
disputes resolved?
model-index:
- name: SentenceTransformer based on BAAI/bge-base-en-v1.5
results:
- task:
type: information-retrieval
name: Information Retrieval
dataset:
name: dim 768
type: dim_768
metrics:
- type: cosine_accuracy@1
value: 0.8333333333333334
name: Cosine Accuracy@1
- type: cosine_accuracy@3
value: 0.8333333333333334
name: Cosine Accuracy@3
- type: cosine_accuracy@5
value: 0.8333333333333334
name: Cosine Accuracy@5
- type: cosine_accuracy@10
value: 1
name: Cosine Accuracy@10
- type: cosine_precision@1
value: 0.8333333333333334
name: Cosine Precision@1
- type: cosine_precision@3
value: 0.27777777777777773
name: Cosine Precision@3
- type: cosine_precision@5
value: 0.16666666666666666
name: Cosine Precision@5
- type: cosine_precision@10
value: 0.09999999999999999
name: Cosine Precision@10
- type: cosine_recall@1
value: 0.8333333333333334
name: Cosine Recall@1
- type: cosine_recall@3
value: 0.8333333333333334
name: Cosine Recall@3
- type: cosine_recall@5
value: 0.8333333333333334
name: Cosine Recall@5
- type: cosine_recall@10
value: 1
name: Cosine Recall@10
- type: cosine_ndcg@10
value: 0.892701197851337
name: Cosine Ndcg@10
- type: cosine_mrr@10
value: 0.8611111111111112
name: Cosine Mrr@10
- type: cosine_map@100
value: 0.8611111111111112
name: Cosine Map@100
- task:
type: information-retrieval
name: Information Retrieval
dataset:
name: dim 512
type: dim_512
metrics:
- type: cosine_accuracy@1
value: 0.8333333333333334
name: Cosine Accuracy@1
- type: cosine_accuracy@3
value: 0.8333333333333334
name: Cosine Accuracy@3
- type: cosine_accuracy@5
value: 0.8333333333333334
name: Cosine Accuracy@5
- type: cosine_accuracy@10
value: 1
name: Cosine Accuracy@10
- type: cosine_precision@1
value: 0.8333333333333334
name: Cosine Precision@1
- type: cosine_precision@3
value: 0.27777777777777773
name: Cosine Precision@3
- type: cosine_precision@5
value: 0.16666666666666666
name: Cosine Precision@5
- type: cosine_precision@10
value: 0.09999999999999999
name: Cosine Precision@10
- type: cosine_recall@1
value: 0.8333333333333334
name: Cosine Recall@1
- type: cosine_recall@3
value: 0.8333333333333334
name: Cosine Recall@3
- type: cosine_recall@5
value: 0.8333333333333334
name: Cosine Recall@5
- type: cosine_recall@10
value: 1
name: Cosine Recall@10
- type: cosine_ndcg@10
value: 0.892701197851337
name: Cosine Ndcg@10
- type: cosine_mrr@10
value: 0.8611111111111112
name: Cosine Mrr@10
- type: cosine_map@100
value: 0.8611111111111112
name: Cosine Map@100
- task:
type: information-retrieval
name: Information Retrieval
dataset:
name: dim 256
type: dim_256
metrics:
- type: cosine_accuracy@1
value: 0.8333333333333334
name: Cosine Accuracy@1
- type: cosine_accuracy@3
value: 0.8333333333333334
name: Cosine Accuracy@3
- type: cosine_accuracy@5
value: 0.8333333333333334
name: Cosine Accuracy@5
- type: cosine_accuracy@10
value: 1
name: Cosine Accuracy@10
- type: cosine_precision@1
value: 0.8333333333333334
name: Cosine Precision@1
- type: cosine_precision@3
value: 0.27777777777777773
name: Cosine Precision@3
- type: cosine_precision@5
value: 0.16666666666666666
name: Cosine Precision@5
- type: cosine_precision@10
value: 0.09999999999999999
name: Cosine Precision@10
- type: cosine_recall@1
value: 0.8333333333333334
name: Cosine Recall@1
- type: cosine_recall@3
value: 0.8333333333333334
name: Cosine Recall@3
- type: cosine_recall@5
value: 0.8333333333333334
name: Cosine Recall@5
- type: cosine_recall@10
value: 1
name: Cosine Recall@10
- type: cosine_ndcg@10
value: 0.892701197851337
name: Cosine Ndcg@10
- type: cosine_mrr@10
value: 0.8611111111111112
name: Cosine Mrr@10
- type: cosine_map@100
value: 0.8611111111111112
name: Cosine Map@100
- task:
type: information-retrieval
name: Information Retrieval
dataset:
name: dim 128
type: dim_128
metrics:
- type: cosine_accuracy@1
value: 0.8333333333333334
name: Cosine Accuracy@1
- type: cosine_accuracy@3
value: 0.8333333333333334
name: Cosine Accuracy@3
- type: cosine_accuracy@5
value: 0.8333333333333334
name: Cosine Accuracy@5
- type: cosine_accuracy@10
value: 1
name: Cosine Accuracy@10
- type: cosine_precision@1
value: 0.8333333333333334
name: Cosine Precision@1
- type: cosine_precision@3
value: 0.27777777777777773
name: Cosine Precision@3
- type: cosine_precision@5
value: 0.16666666666666666
name: Cosine Precision@5
- type: cosine_precision@10
value: 0.09999999999999999
name: Cosine Precision@10
- type: cosine_recall@1
value: 0.8333333333333334
name: Cosine Recall@1
- type: cosine_recall@3
value: 0.8333333333333334
name: Cosine Recall@3
- type: cosine_recall@5
value: 0.8333333333333334
name: Cosine Recall@5
- type: cosine_recall@10
value: 1
name: Cosine Recall@10
- type: cosine_ndcg@10
value: 0.8859108127976215
name: Cosine Ndcg@10
- type: cosine_mrr@10
value: 0.8541666666666666
name: Cosine Mrr@10
- type: cosine_map@100
value: 0.8541666666666666
name: Cosine Map@100
- task:
type: information-retrieval
name: Information Retrieval
dataset:
name: dim 64
type: dim_64
metrics:
- type: cosine_accuracy@1
value: 0.8333333333333334
name: Cosine Accuracy@1
- type: cosine_accuracy@3
value: 0.8333333333333334
name: Cosine Accuracy@3
- type: cosine_accuracy@5
value: 0.8333333333333334
name: Cosine Accuracy@5
- type: cosine_accuracy@10
value: 1
name: Cosine Accuracy@10
- type: cosine_precision@1
value: 0.8333333333333334
name: Cosine Precision@1
- type: cosine_precision@3
value: 0.27777777777777773
name: Cosine Precision@3
- type: cosine_precision@5
value: 0.16666666666666666
name: Cosine Precision@5
- type: cosine_precision@10
value: 0.09999999999999999
name: Cosine Precision@10
- type: cosine_recall@1
value: 0.8333333333333334
name: Cosine Recall@1
- type: cosine_recall@3
value: 0.8333333333333334
name: Cosine Recall@3
- type: cosine_recall@5
value: 0.8333333333333334
name: Cosine Recall@5
- type: cosine_recall@10
value: 1
name: Cosine Recall@10
- type: cosine_ndcg@10
value: 0.8835049992773302
name: Cosine Ndcg@10
- type: cosine_mrr@10
value: 0.8518518518518517
name: Cosine Mrr@10
- type: cosine_map@100
value: 0.8518518518518517
name: Cosine Map@100
SentenceTransformer based on BAAI/bge-base-en-v1.5
This is a sentence-transformers model finetuned from BAAI/bge-base-en-v1.5. It maps sentences & paragraphs to a 768-dimensional dense vector space and can be used for semantic textual similarity, semantic search, paraphrase mining, text classification, clustering, and more.
Model Details
Model Description
- Model Type: Sentence Transformer
- Base model: BAAI/bge-base-en-v1.5
- Maximum Sequence Length: 512 tokens
- Output Dimensionality: 768 tokens
- Similarity Function: Cosine Similarity
Model Sources
- Documentation: Sentence Transformers Documentation
- Repository: Sentence Transformers on GitHub
- Hugging Face: Sentence Transformers on Hugging Face
Full Model Architecture
SentenceTransformer(
(0): Transformer({'max_seq_length': 512, 'do_lower_case': True}) with Transformer model: BertModel
(1): Pooling({'word_embedding_dimension': 768, 'pooling_mode_cls_token': True, 'pooling_mode_mean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_max_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_mean_sqrt_len_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_weightedmean_tokens': False, 'pooling_mode_lasttoken': False, 'include_prompt': True})
(2): Normalize()
)
Usage
Direct Usage (Sentence Transformers)
First install the Sentence Transformers library:
pip install -U sentence-transformers
Then you can load this model and run inference.
from sentence_transformers import SentenceTransformer
# Download from the 🤗 Hub
model = SentenceTransformer("vineet10/fm1")
# Run inference
sentences = [
'This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of Indiana. Any dispute arising out of or in connection with this Agreement shall be resolved through good faith negotiations between the Parties and will be subject to the jurisdiction of the courts of Dania.',
'Under which laws is the Battery Supply Agreement governed and how are disputes resolved?',
'What events constitute Force Majeure under this Agreement?',
]
embeddings = model.encode(sentences)
print(embeddings.shape)
# [3, 768]
# Get the similarity scores for the embeddings
similarities = model.similarity(embeddings, embeddings)
print(similarities.shape)
# [3, 3]
Evaluation
Metrics
Information Retrieval
- Dataset:
dim_768 - Evaluated with
InformationRetrievalEvaluator
| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| cosine_accuracy@1 | 0.8333 |
| cosine_accuracy@3 | 0.8333 |
| cosine_accuracy@5 | 0.8333 |
| cosine_accuracy@10 | 1.0 |
| cosine_precision@1 | 0.8333 |
| cosine_precision@3 | 0.2778 |
| cosine_precision@5 | 0.1667 |
| cosine_precision@10 | 0.1 |
| cosine_recall@1 | 0.8333 |
| cosine_recall@3 | 0.8333 |
| cosine_recall@5 | 0.8333 |
| cosine_recall@10 | 1.0 |
| cosine_ndcg@10 | 0.8927 |
| cosine_mrr@10 | 0.8611 |
| cosine_map@100 | 0.8611 |
Information Retrieval
- Dataset:
dim_512 - Evaluated with
InformationRetrievalEvaluator
| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| cosine_accuracy@1 | 0.8333 |
| cosine_accuracy@3 | 0.8333 |
| cosine_accuracy@5 | 0.8333 |
| cosine_accuracy@10 | 1.0 |
| cosine_precision@1 | 0.8333 |
| cosine_precision@3 | 0.2778 |
| cosine_precision@5 | 0.1667 |
| cosine_precision@10 | 0.1 |
| cosine_recall@1 | 0.8333 |
| cosine_recall@3 | 0.8333 |
| cosine_recall@5 | 0.8333 |
| cosine_recall@10 | 1.0 |
| cosine_ndcg@10 | 0.8927 |
| cosine_mrr@10 | 0.8611 |
| cosine_map@100 | 0.8611 |
Information Retrieval
- Dataset:
dim_256 - Evaluated with
InformationRetrievalEvaluator
| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| cosine_accuracy@1 | 0.8333 |
| cosine_accuracy@3 | 0.8333 |
| cosine_accuracy@5 | 0.8333 |
| cosine_accuracy@10 | 1.0 |
| cosine_precision@1 | 0.8333 |
| cosine_precision@3 | 0.2778 |
| cosine_precision@5 | 0.1667 |
| cosine_precision@10 | 0.1 |
| cosine_recall@1 | 0.8333 |
| cosine_recall@3 | 0.8333 |
| cosine_recall@5 | 0.8333 |
| cosine_recall@10 | 1.0 |
| cosine_ndcg@10 | 0.8927 |
| cosine_mrr@10 | 0.8611 |
| cosine_map@100 | 0.8611 |
Information Retrieval
- Dataset:
dim_128 - Evaluated with
InformationRetrievalEvaluator
| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| cosine_accuracy@1 | 0.8333 |
| cosine_accuracy@3 | 0.8333 |
| cosine_accuracy@5 | 0.8333 |
| cosine_accuracy@10 | 1.0 |
| cosine_precision@1 | 0.8333 |
| cosine_precision@3 | 0.2778 |
| cosine_precision@5 | 0.1667 |
| cosine_precision@10 | 0.1 |
| cosine_recall@1 | 0.8333 |
| cosine_recall@3 | 0.8333 |
| cosine_recall@5 | 0.8333 |
| cosine_recall@10 | 1.0 |
| cosine_ndcg@10 | 0.8859 |
| cosine_mrr@10 | 0.8542 |
| cosine_map@100 | 0.8542 |
Information Retrieval
- Dataset:
dim_64 - Evaluated with
InformationRetrievalEvaluator
| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| cosine_accuracy@1 | 0.8333 |
| cosine_accuracy@3 | 0.8333 |
| cosine_accuracy@5 | 0.8333 |
| cosine_accuracy@10 | 1.0 |
| cosine_precision@1 | 0.8333 |
| cosine_precision@3 | 0.2778 |
| cosine_precision@5 | 0.1667 |
| cosine_precision@10 | 0.1 |
| cosine_recall@1 | 0.8333 |
| cosine_recall@3 | 0.8333 |
| cosine_recall@5 | 0.8333 |
| cosine_recall@10 | 1.0 |
| cosine_ndcg@10 | 0.8835 |
| cosine_mrr@10 | 0.8519 |
| cosine_map@100 | 0.8519 |
Training Details
Training Dataset
Unnamed Dataset
- Size: 48 training samples
- Columns:
contextandquestion - Approximate statistics based on the first 1000 samples:
context question type string string details - min: 18 tokens
- mean: 39.58 tokens
- max: 85 tokens
- min: 8 tokens
- mean: 17.9 tokens
- max: 32 tokens
- Samples:
context question The Client will pay a flat fee of Rs. 52,000/-, with 50% (Rs. 26,000/-) due upon signing the agreement and the remaining 50% due one week after completion of pre-production. Payment delays will result in proportional delays in data delivery and editing.What are the specified payment terms for the photography services under this contract?Users can report delays to Customer Care and expect an automatic refund within 3-4 business days if services are canceled or rescheduled by the platform.What actions can a user take if the platform is unable to fulfill a successfully placed order?Signed by James Hira, Managing Director of Electric Vehicle Battery Supplier Pvt. Ltd, and Managing Director of Best Car Manufacturer Pvt. LtdWho signed the Battery Supply Agreement on behalf of the Supplier and the Manufacturer? - Loss:
MultipleNegativesRankingLosswith these parameters:{ "scale": 20.0, "similarity_fct": "cos_sim" }
Training Hyperparameters
Non-Default Hyperparameters
eval_strategy: stepsper_device_train_batch_size: 16per_device_eval_batch_size: 16num_train_epochs: 5warmup_ratio: 0.1fp16: Truebatch_sampler: no_duplicates
All Hyperparameters
Click to expand
overwrite_output_dir: Falsedo_predict: Falseeval_strategy: stepsprediction_loss_only: Trueper_device_train_batch_size: 16per_device_eval_batch_size: 16per_gpu_train_batch_size: Noneper_gpu_eval_batch_size: Nonegradient_accumulation_steps: 1eval_accumulation_steps: Nonelearning_rate: 5e-05weight_decay: 0.0adam_beta1: 0.9adam_beta2: 0.999adam_epsilon: 1e-08max_grad_norm: 1.0num_train_epochs: 5max_steps: -1lr_scheduler_type: linearlr_scheduler_kwargs: {}warmup_ratio: 0.1warmup_steps: 0log_level: passivelog_level_replica: warninglog_on_each_node: Truelogging_nan_inf_filter: Truesave_safetensors: Truesave_on_each_node: Falsesave_only_model: Falserestore_callback_states_from_checkpoint: Falseno_cuda: Falseuse_cpu: Falseuse_mps_device: Falseseed: 42data_seed: Nonejit_mode_eval: Falseuse_ipex: Falsebf16: Falsefp16: Truefp16_opt_level: O1half_precision_backend: autobf16_full_eval: Falsefp16_full_eval: Falsetf32: Nonelocal_rank: 0ddp_backend: Nonetpu_num_cores: Nonetpu_metrics_debug: Falsedebug: []dataloader_drop_last: Falsedataloader_num_workers: 0dataloader_prefetch_factor: Nonepast_index: -1disable_tqdm: Falseremove_unused_columns: Truelabel_names: Noneload_best_model_at_end: Falseignore_data_skip: Falsefsdp: []fsdp_min_num_params: 0fsdp_config: {'min_num_params': 0, 'xla': False, 'xla_fsdp_v2': False, 'xla_fsdp_grad_ckpt': False}fsdp_transformer_layer_cls_to_wrap: Noneaccelerator_config: {'split_batches': False, 'dispatch_batches': None, 'even_batches': True, 'use_seedable_sampler': True, 'non_blocking': False, 'gradient_accumulation_kwargs': None}deepspeed: Nonelabel_smoothing_factor: 0.0optim: adamw_torchoptim_args: Noneadafactor: Falsegroup_by_length: Falselength_column_name: lengthddp_find_unused_parameters: Noneddp_bucket_cap_mb: Noneddp_broadcast_buffers: Falsedataloader_pin_memory: Truedataloader_persistent_workers: Falseskip_memory_metrics: Trueuse_legacy_prediction_loop: Falsepush_to_hub: Falseresume_from_checkpoint: Nonehub_model_id: Nonehub_strategy: every_savehub_private_repo: Falsehub_always_push: Falsegradient_checkpointing: Falsegradient_checkpointing_kwargs: Noneinclude_inputs_for_metrics: Falseeval_do_concat_batches: Truefp16_backend: autopush_to_hub_model_id: Nonepush_to_hub_organization: Nonemp_parameters:auto_find_batch_size: Falsefull_determinism: Falsetorchdynamo: Noneray_scope: lastddp_timeout: 1800torch_compile: Falsetorch_compile_backend: Nonetorch_compile_mode: Nonedispatch_batches: Nonesplit_batches: Noneinclude_tokens_per_second: Falseinclude_num_input_tokens_seen: Falseneftune_noise_alpha: Noneoptim_target_modules: Nonebatch_eval_metrics: Falseeval_on_start: Falsebatch_sampler: no_duplicatesmulti_dataset_batch_sampler: proportional
Training Logs
| Epoch | Step | dim_128_cosine_map@100 | dim_256_cosine_map@100 | dim_512_cosine_map@100 | dim_64_cosine_map@100 | dim_768_cosine_map@100 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 0 | 0.8542 | 0.8611 | 0.8611 | 0.8519 | 0.8611 |
Framework Versions
- Python: 3.10.12
- Sentence Transformers: 3.0.1
- Transformers: 4.42.4
- PyTorch: 2.3.1+cu121
- Accelerate: 0.32.1
- Datasets: 2.20.0
- Tokenizers: 0.19.1
Citation
BibTeX
Sentence Transformers
@inproceedings{reimers-2019-sentence-bert,
title = "Sentence-BERT: Sentence Embeddings using Siamese BERT-Networks",
author = "Reimers, Nils and Gurevych, Iryna",
booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
month = "11",
year = "2019",
publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
url = "https://arxiv.org/abs/1908.10084",
}
MultipleNegativesRankingLoss
@misc{henderson2017efficient,
title={Efficient Natural Language Response Suggestion for Smart Reply},
author={Matthew Henderson and Rami Al-Rfou and Brian Strope and Yun-hsuan Sung and Laszlo Lukacs and Ruiqi Guo and Sanjiv Kumar and Balint Miklos and Ray Kurzweil},
year={2017},
eprint={1705.00652},
archivePrefix={arXiv},
primaryClass={cs.CL}
}